Journal of Pharmacreations

Formulation and evaluation of piroxicam mucoadhesive buccal tablets

Perikala Suvarna , Kabita Banik — Thu, 19 Oct 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Mucoadhesive tablets of Piroxicam were prepared by using Tragacanth, Xanthan gum and Tamarind Gum as mucoadhesive polymers. Nine formulations were developed with varying concentrations of polymers. F1 to F9 formulations were composed of Tragacanth, Xanthan gum and Tamarind Gum in ratios of 1:1, 1:2 and 1:3. The formulated mucoadhesive buccal tablets were assessed for quality attributes like weight variation, hardness, thickness, friability, drug content, moisture absorption, surface pH and in vitro drug release studies. Optimized formulation G4 showed maximum release of the drug (99.61%). The FTIR results showed no evidence of interaction between the drug and polymers. All the evaluation parameters given the positive result and comply with the standards. The results indicated that the mucoadhesive buccal tablets of Piroxicam may be good choice to bypass the extensive hepatic first pass metabolism with an improvement in bioavailability of Piroxicam through buccal mucosa.

Assessment of drug related problems in the patients of cardiology department in a teritiary rohini hospital

B Anitha, D. Swathi, N. Rajashekar, B. Sudhakar — Thu, 19 Oct 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Cardiovascular diseases are the biggest killers in the world according to WHO, of which stroke and ischemic heart disease are main diseases, which nearly cause 15 million deaths. Drug Related Problems are defined as a circumstance or an event which involves the pharmacotherapy or the drug treatment that interferes with the optimum outcome of medical care of a patient. DRP’S are classified into 4 categories according to PCNE classification V.5.01 which are the Problems, Causes, Interventions and the Outcome of intervention. The main aim of the study is to detect the drug related problems among the patients with cardiovascular diseases admitted to the hospital in a tertiary Rohini hospital. A cross sectional observational study with a sample size of 100 patients in a period of 6 months was included as per inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria. All the case record sheets of patients above 18 years are collected to assess the drug related problems. Of all the 100 case records collected,44 DRP’S were found in 39 patients. The major DRP identified is Drug interactions-26 followed by ADR’S-15, Therapeutic duplication-2 and Wrong dose-1. Mainly the 33 DRP’S were found in 29 male patients with an incidence rate of 41.4% when compared to females,11 DRP’S in 10 patients with an incidence rate of 33.3%. The drug related problems have higher incidence rate in male patients than in female patients. Most common drug related problems observed are Drug Interactions followed by the Adverse Drug Reactions. Interventions are generally made at the prescriber level and the outcome of intervention in most of the cases is totally solved.

Formulation development and in vitro characterization of flurbiprofen sustained release matrix tablets

Uppala Pooja, Shivasri Krishna, K. Nagasree, Y. Sirisha — Thu, 19 Oct 2023 00:00:00 +0000

In the present work, an attempt has been made to develop Sustained release tablets of Flurbiprofen by selecting natural polymers Tragacanth, Acacia gum, and Xanthan gum as retarding polymers. All the formulations were prepared by direct compression method. The blend of all the formulations showed good flow properties such as angle of repose, bulk density, tapped density. The prepared tablets were shown good post compression parameters and they passed all the quality control evaluation parameters as per I.P limits. Among all the formulations F2 formulation showed maximum % drug release i.e., 95.19% in 12 hours hence it is considered as optimized formulation F2 which contains Tragacanth (100 mg). Optimized formulation F2 was followed Higuchi release kinetics mechanism.

Method development and validation for the simultaneous estimation of nortriptyline and pregabalin in bulk and marketed pharmaceutical dosage form by using reverse phase-hplc method

Akula Amulya, B. Sudhakar, K. Chaitanya Prasad, R. Mounika — Thu, 19 Oct 2023 00:00:00 +0000

A simple, reproducible and efficient reverse phase high performance liquid chromatographic method was developed for simultaneous determination of Nortriptyline and Pregabalin in pure form and marketed combined pharmaceutical dosage forms. A column having Symmetry (C18) (150mm x 4.6mm, 5µm) in isocratic mode with mobile phase containing Methanol: Phosphate Buffer (pH-3.8) (28:72v/v) was used. The flow rate was 1.0 ml/min and effluent was monitored at 252 nm. The retention time (min) and linearity range (ppm) for Nortriptyline and Pregabalin were (1.794, 3.440min) and (10-30, 10-50), respectively. The method has been validated for linearity, accuracy and precision, robustness and limit of detection and limit of quantitation. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) were found to be 0.86µg/ml and 2.58µg/ml for Nortriptyline and 1.28µg/ml 3.84µg/ml for Pregabalin respectively. The developed method was found to be accurate, precise and selective for simultaneous determination of Nortriptyline and Pregabalin in bulk form and marketed combined pharmaceutical dosage forms

Colostramin capsules: A Natural Support helps to promote healthy intestinal Flora & normal functioning of Gastrointestinal tract.

Tue, 31 Oct 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Colostrum because of its versatile composition it can be used in variety of diseases. It has properties to stimulate immune system and also contains hormones, growth factors and other bioactive components required for the body to combat with various diseases. It has been used for various respiratory tract infections, gastrointestinal disorders and rheumatoid arthritis. The medical importance of Colostrum has been described in ancient ayurveda. In US Colostrum was in use for its antibacterial activity before the discovery of antibiotics 5. Colostrum upon contact with stomach acid inhabits and kill campylobacter, candida, E.coli, colostridium, helicobacter pylori, rotavirus, salmonella, shigella and streptococcus. Colostrum is effective in leaky gut, irritable bowel syndrome, colitis, ulcers, chronic fatigue, diabetes, autoimmunity, arthritis, lupus and cancers, improves intestinal assimilation of nutrients, inhibits protein breakdown, shifts energy source from carbohydrate to fat, spur glucose transport in muscles. It is now well established fact that ingestion of Colostrum promotes nutritional, functional and biological activities. This article reviews the current available scientific literature regarding the effect of Colostramin capsules as a effective supplementation for daily energy needs in enhancing immune response.

A Review on Stiff Person Syndrome (SPS)

Elavarasan. N — Fri, 10 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Stiff Person Syndrome (SPS) is a rare, progressive neurological disorder primarily characterized by muscle stiffness, spasms, and functional impairment. Although its precise etiology is unclear, it is often associated with autoimmune responses, frequently observed with elevated anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) antibodies. SPS predominantly affects individuals between 30 and 60 years, with a higher incidence in women. Diagnosis is complex, often involving clinical evaluation, blood tests for anti-GAD antibodies, Electromyography (EMG), and MRI scans to exclude other conditions. Treatment approaches are multidimensional, encompassing medication, immunotherapy, physical therapy, and psychotherapy to manage symptoms and improve the patient's quality of life. The prognosis of SPS is variable, and while it may significantly impact the individual's daily living, early diagnosis and appropriate treatment can enhance the patient’s life quality. Continuous research and patient support systems are vital for individuals living with SPS. For personalized medical advice, consulting healthcare professionals is recommended.

A review on FanconiAnemia

S. Nagarajan — Fri, 10 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0000

FanconiAnemia (FA) is a rare, inherited disorder primarily characterized by bone marrow failure, leading to reduced blood cell production and consequent anemia, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia. This condition is also associated with congenital abnormalities, increased cancer risk (especially leukemia and tumors in the head, neck, and reproductive organs), and endocrine problems. FA is a genetically heterogeneous disorder caused by mutations in over 20 identified genes and is typically transmitted in an autosomal recessive pattern. Diagnosis methods include blood tests and chromosome breakage tests. Management of FA is multifaceted, encompassing blood transfusions, bone marrow transplants, hormone therapy, surgery, and preventive monitoring for associated health risks. Treatment responses and prognosis vary among individuals, with continual research and medical advancements improving the outlook for those with FA. For up-to-date and personalized medical advice, consultation with healthcare professionals is essential.

Design fabrication and characterization of ethyl cellulose based transdermal patches encompass atenolol for improved Invitro skin permeation

Srikant Pallothu Chowdary, Syam Prasad Borra, Riyaz Ahmed Khan, Mohammed Ibrahim — Thu, 16 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0000

As far as the transdermal drug delivery is concern, various penetration enhancers are used for the drug diffusion through skin. In matrix dispersion type systems, the drug is dispersed in the solvent along with the polymers and solvent allowed to evaporate forming a homogeneous drug-polymer matrix.Matrix type systems were developed in the present research. an attempt has been made to develop a matrix-type transdermal therapeutic system comprising of Atenolol with different concentration of various polymers alone using solvent evaporation technique. The physicochemical compatibility of the drug and the polymers was studied by infrared spectroscopy. The results obtained showed no physical-chemical incompatibility between the drug and the polymers. F1formulation has been selected as the best formulation among all the other formulations. The in vitro drug diffusion studies from the formulation were found to be sustained release. All the evaluation parameters obtained from the best formulation were found to be satisfactory. The data obtained from the in vitro release studies were fitted to various kinetic models like zero order, first order, Higuchi model and peppas model. From the kinetic data it was found that drug release follows peppas modelrelease by diffusion technique from the polymer.

Preparation and evaluation of dorzolamide hydrochloride polymeric nanoparticles by emulsification sonication method

Thu, 16 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0000

In this contemporary work we intended to develop Nanoparticle of Dorzolamide hydrochloride.The proposed Dorzolamide hydrochloride polymer loaded with nanoparticles was prepared by emulsification sonication method.Nanoparticles represent a promising drug delivery system of sustained and targeted drug release. They are specially designed to release the drug in the vicinity of target tissue. The aim of this study was to prepare and evaluate polymer loaded nanoparticles containing Dorzolamide hydrochloride in different drug to polymer ratio. SEM indicated that nanoparticles have a discrete spherical structure. FT-IR studies indicated that there was no chemical interaction between drug and polymer and stability of drug. The in vitro release behavior from all the drug loaded batches was found to be Peppas release and provided sustained release over a period of 48 hours. The developed formulation overcome and alleviates the drawbacks and limitations of Dorzolamide hydrochloride sustained release formulations and could possibility be advantageous in terms of increased bioavailability of Dorzolamide hydrochloride.

A review of a comparative study on bacterial conjunctivitis and viral conjunctivitis

SK. Reshma, K. Sumanth Kumar, Y. Prapurna Chandra — Thu, 16 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Regarding ophthalmology clinics, conjunctivitis is one of the most commonly encountered conditions worldwide. However, to manage suspected cases of conjunctivitis, it's important to look out for alarming signs that may indicate more serious intraocular conditions. These signs include severe pain, decreased vision, and painful pupillary reaction.

Regarding conjunctivitis, being vigilant for any alarming signs indicating more serious intraocular conditions is crucial. These signs include severe pain, decreased vision, and painful pupillary reaction. In patients with atypical findings and chronic course, obtaining a thorough medical and ophthalmic history and performing a careful physical examination is important. Concurrent physical exam findings with relevant history may reveal the presence of a systemic condition with involvement of the conjunctiva.

As per a comparative study on bacterial conjunctivitis and viral conjunctivitis, viral conjunctivitis is the most commonly encountered overall cause of conjunctivitis. On the other hand, bacterial conjunctivitis is less frequently encountered and is the second most common cause of infectious conjunctivitis. It is important to be vigilant for any alarming signs indicating more serious intraocular conditions while managing suspected cases of conjunctivitis. These signs include severe pain, decreased vision, and painful pupillary reaction. In cases with atypical findings and chronic course, obtaining a thorough medical and ophthalmic history and performing a careful physical examination is crucial. A concurrent physical exam with relevant history may reveal the presence of a systemic condition with involvement of the conjunctiva. conjunctivitis is a common condition that affects nearly half of the population. Some of the common findings include itching, mucoid discharge, chemosis, and eyelid edema. It is important to note that while these symptoms may indicate conjunctivitis, it is crucial to be vigilant for any alarming signs that may indicate more serious intraocular conditions. These signs include severe pain, decreased vision, and painful pupillary reaction.

A Review on Etiology of Alzheimers Disease

Sujitha jerripothu, K. Sumanth Kumar, Y. Prapurna Chandra — Thu, 16 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0000