Journal of Pharmacreations

Integrated Study on Neem (Azadirachta Indica) Seed Constituents, Extraction and Anti-Microbial Screening

S. Kannan — 2025-09-02

Screening of medicinal plants for bioactive compounds leads to less expensive new antimicrobial agents with improved safety & efficacy. Azadirachta indica (Neem) is a multipurpose tree with multipurpose tree multiple health benefits. Different parts of the plants are shown to exhibit antimicrobial effects against a wide variety of microorganism. In present study we compared the anti-microbial efficacy of aqueous extracts of seeds of a Azadirachta indica human pathogenic bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli pneumonia and skin disease are some types of severe infections occur worldwide. Due to pathogenic bacteria such as Escherichia coli(E.coli) Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). These bacteria’s do contribute towards other infection in human and thus lead to towards unhealthy life. Agar well diffusion method and micro-broth dilution methods were used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC). Results showed that seed extracts exhibited strong anti-microbial activity against bacteria at all the concentration tested (100,200 & 300 g/ml). Our results suggest that aqueous extracts of Azadirachta indica seed exhibit high anti-microbial activity.

A Review of Moringa Oleifera for Wound Healing

Vigneshwaran. L V — 2025-09-19

The natural process of wound healing restores injured tissues that have lost their integrity. in malaysia, moringa oleifera, sometimes referred as merunggai, has long been used to treat a variety of illnesses, including wounds. The leaves of moringa oleifera are a great source of fibers, minerals, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, and antimicrobial properties are all possible with this extract. CENTRAL, pubmed, Google scholar, Science Direct, LILACS, and ClinicalTrails.gov are among the databases that were the subject of 18 in vitro investigations in all; the othr 5 studies examined various plant components in models of excision, incision, desd sopace, abrasion, and burn-included wounds. Significant wound healing powers were demonstrated in all investigations. The majority of research employed various topical formulations of aqueous leaf extract. The analysis of research data was assessed using the ANOVA statistical test. The aims, research design, and results of the listed studies were used to examine the data. there were 1,375 records found in databases,1344 records thet were screened, 25 reports that were searched for retrivel ,17 reports that wee evaluated for elibiblity, and 9 fulltext articles in yhe systematic review. critical findings that had been carefully chosen to satisfy the research inclusion criteria were the basis for nine papers' eligibility. This paper a thorough overview of the plant's pharmacological and phytochemical properties as well as its traditional and medicinal applications. M.oleifera is used pharmacologically and traditionally foe a wide range of pathophysiology disorders. we will go over the many characteristics of the drumstick tree, M.oleifera, with an emphasis on its seversl therspuetics uses . To give patients with acute and chronic wounds receiving at-home or hospital treatment more information, research involving a comprehensive review of the efficacy of moringa oleifers leaves for wound healing is crucial. M. oleifera shown the ability to cure wounds, however more research is necessary to identify the primary bioactive phytochemical and safety.

A Review on Cosmeceutical Perspective of Luffa Acutangula

R. Vidhya Shree — 2025-09-22

Luffa acutangula is known as ridge gourd, it is atropical plant traditionally used in various medicinal systems for its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties. Recent research highlighted its potential applications in cosmetics due to its rich phytochemical profile, which included flavonoids, saponins, and polyphenols. Furthermore, its mild exfoliating properties, resulting from its natural fibres and enzymes, made it a suitable ingredient in facial scrubs and masks. The luffa acutangula possess several pharmacological activities such as anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti- microbial and many more the biological active component purporting to have skincare benefits and can be used in the product such as moisturising, antiaging, anti-acne cream, exploitation, etc. the intention of the article of luffa acutangula is to focus on cosmetic importance and its benefits.

Alternative of Herbal Preservatives

Venkatesh. S — 2025-09-22

The cosmetic industry is witnessing a paradigm shift toward the integration of natural ingredients, particularly in the selection of preservatives. Conventional synthetic preservatives, though effective, have raised concerns regarding potential health risks and environmental impact. This review highlights various natural alternatives to synthetic preservatives in cosmetic formulations, with a focus on essential oils, plant extracts (Neem, Curcumin, Aloe vera), and raw materials like honey. These natural agents exhibit significant antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties, making them promising candidates for preserving cosmetic products. Essential oils such as Thymus onites and Cinnamomum zeylanicum demonstrate strong antimicrobial action, often surpassing synthetic preservatives in efficacy. Similarly, plant-based substances like Neem and Curcumin offer broad-spectrum antimicrobial effects and additional therapeutic benefits. Honey, known for its historical use in skin care, contributes both humectant and antimicrobial properties. This review underscores the importance of these natural preservatives in promoting safer, eco-friendly cosmetic formulations.

An Overview of Latam Regulatory Requirements for Pharmaceutical Product Development

SingamVaralaxmi — 2025-09-27

The Latin American (LATAM) pharmaceutical market is growing rapidly, driven by increasing demand for innovative medicines, biologics, and generics. However, the diversity of regulatory frameworks among LATAM countries presents significant challenges for pharmaceutical companies. This review summarizes the regulatory landscape of major LATAM nations, focusing on their respective health authorities, approval processes, and documentation requirements. A comparative table is provided to assist stakeholders in navigating the complexities of the region’s regulatory systems.

Challenges Faced by Indian Pharma Companies in PIC/S Regulations

Tejasree. K — 2025-09-27

Pharmaceutical Inspection Co-operation Scheme (PIC/S) guidelines represent a global standard for Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP), aimed at harmonizing inspection procedures and ensuring the quality, safety, and efficacy of pharmaceutical products. For Indian pharmaceutical companies, which play a pivotal role in the global supply chain, aligning with PIC/S regulations is critical yet fraught with multiple challenges. This article examines the multifaceted obstacles faced by Indian pharma firms in achieving PIC/S compliance, such as infrastructural gaps, regulatory misalignment, workforce skill deficits, and financial constraints. The paper also explores policy-level interventions and strategic solutions to bridge these gaps and enhance India's position in the global pharmaceutical regulatory landscape.

A Review on RP HPLC Estimation Techniques for Epirubicin and Docetaxel in Bulk and Dosage Forms

Raja Reddy Aleti — 2025-09-27

Epirubicin(10-(4-amino-5-hydroxy-6-methyl-oxan-2-yl)oxy-6,8,11-trihydroxy-8-(2hydroxyacetyl)-1-methoxy-9,10-dihydro-7H-tetracene-5,12-dione) is an anthracycline anticancer agent used to treat node-positive breast cancer, ovarian cancer, gastric cancer, lung cancer, and lymphomas (Neil,2006). Streptomyces peucetius strains produce epirubicin through chemical transformation. It interferes with DNA and RNA production by creating a compound and intercalating into nucleotide base pairs. It is preferred over doxorubicin due to its lower toxicity at equimolar dose. This may be due to the opposite chirality caused by the hydroxyl group at the 4' carbon of the sugar moiety, resulting in faster elimination and less toxicity. Docetaxel is a toxoid medication with anti-cancer effects. The semi-synthetic procedure begins with a precursor derived from regenerated yew needles. Docetaxel is available in two forms: anhydrous and trihydrate. Aventis Pharmaceuticals developed Docetaxel, popularly known as Taxotere, to treat a specific kind of cancer. The medication is currently authorised in 90 nations for treating advanced lung cancer and 70 countries for treating advanced non-small cell lung cancer.

Invisible Yet Impactful; Living with Fields Syndrome

Kommala pravallika — 2025-10-25

Fields syndrome is an extremely rare neuromuscular disorder, first reported in 1996, characterized by the combination of muscle weakness (neuromuscular abnormalities) and speech impairment (dysarthria). To date, only two known cases twin sisters from Wales have been documented in medical literature, making it one of the rarest syndromes ever identified. The precise etiology remains unknown, though the familial occurrence in twins suggests a potential genetic basis. However, due to the absence of further reported cases and limited genetic studies, no definitive causative gene or chromosomal abnormality has been identified. Clinically, Fields syndrome manifests as progressive neuromuscular decline, difficulty in movement, fatigue, and impaired coordination, often accompanied by speech difficulties.
Unlike other neuromuscular disorders such as muscular dystrophy, the syndrome is not associated with intellectual disability, which helps in its clinical differentiation. Diagnosis is primarily based on symptomatology and exclusion of other neuromuscular and metabolic conditions, given the absence of specific biomarkers or confirmatory tests. urrently, no targeted treatment
exists for Fields syndrome. Management is largely supportive, including physiotherapy, occupational therapy, and speech therapy, aiming to improve quality of life and maintain functional independence. The scarcity of cases poses a significant challenge for research, limiting insights into its genetic mechanisms and pathophysiology. Further documentation of new cases and
advancements in genomic studies are essential to establish a clearer understanding of the disorder. Fields syndrome represents a unique challenge to clinicians and researchers due to its extreme rarity, uncertain etiology, and lack of targeted therapies. Continued awareness, case reporting, and genetic research are critical for future progress.

A Review on Pears of Nutrition Vs Shadows of Enterocytozoon Hepatopenaei

Shaik Shabna — 2025-10-25

Shrimp aquaculture is a rapidly expanding sector that plays a vital role
in global seafood production and trade. However, the industry faces
significant challenges from emerging pathogens, among which
Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei has gained increasing attention. EHP is a
microsporidian parasite that infects the hepatopancreas of farmed shrimp,
particularly Penaeus vannamei and Penaeus monodon. Unlike other
pathogens that cause acute mortality, EHP does not directly kill shrimp but
severely impairs growth, leading to stunted populations, increased production
costs, and reduced farm profitability. The parasite spreads rapidly through
contaminated broodstock, feed, and pond environments, making its control
extremely difficult. Conventional disease management strategies, including
antibiotics and chemotherapeutics, are ineffective against EHP. Early
detection methods such as PCR and histopathology are critical for farm-level
surveillance and biosecurity. Preventive strategies focus on strict hatchery
screening, biosecure farming practices, and pond management to minimize
horizontal transmission. As EHP infections often occur in combination with
other opportunistic pathogens, they further exacerbate production losses and
threaten the sustainability of shrimp aquaculture. Given its “silent” yet severe
economic impacts, urgent attention is required to enhance farmer awareness,
strengthen diagnostic capacity, and develop sustainable management
strategies. A comprehensive approach involving improved biosecurity,
breeding programs for resistant strains, and international cooperation will be
essential to mitigate the long-term threat posed by EHP in global shrimp
farming.

Recent Trends in Analytical Detection of Impurities in the Drug Substances

Kommala Pavithra — 2025-10-24

Impurity profiling is a critical aspect of pharmaceutical quality
control, as even trace-level contaminants can impact drug safety, efficacy, and
regulatory compliance. The stringent requirements of ICH guidelines (Q3A
Q3D, M7, Q3D) have driven the development of advanced analytical methods
capable of detecting, quantifying, and structurally characterizing impurities at
sub-ppb levels. Recent technological advancements including high-resolution
mass spectrometry (HRMS), multidimensional chromatography (2D-LC), and
hyphenated techniques such as LC–MS/NMR and LC–IMS–MS have
substantially improved sensitivity, selectivity, and structural elucidation
capabilities. Complementary innovations in ambient ionization methods
(DESI, DART, paper spray), process analytical technology (PAT) sensors, and
chemometric and AI-based data analytics now allow high-throughput impurity
screening, real-time process monitoring, and predictive profiling. These
integrated approaches facilitate risk-based impurity management, rapid
detection of genotoxic and trace-level impurities, and enhanced compliance
with regulatory expectations. Furthermore, the development of universal
spectral libraries, standardized data frameworks, and automated analytical
workflows promises to streamline method development, cross-laboratory
reproducibility, and regulatory submissions. This review summarizes the
recent trends in pharmaceutical impurity analysis, highlighting the
convergence of advanced instrumentation, data-driven modeling, and
regulatory-aligned strategies, and emphasizes how these innovations are
transforming impurity detection, characterization, and control. The adoption
of such integrated approaches is expected to improve patient safety, optimize
manufacturing efficiency, and enable predictive quality assurance, positioning
impurity profiling as a cornerstone of modern pharmaceutical development.