Main Article Content
Abstract
The Colon is a site where both local and systemic delivery of a drug can take place. Targeted drug delivery implies selective and effective localization of drug, into the target at therapeutic concentration with limited actions at non- target sites. Colonic drug delivery has gained increased importance not just for the delivery of the drug, but also for treatment of local diseases associated with colon like Crohn’s disease, Ulcerative colitis etc., but also for the systemic delivery of proteins, therapeutic peptide, anti-asthmatic drug , anti -hypersensitive drug and anti-diabetic drugs. Local delivery allows tropical treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. However, treatment can be made effective if the drugs can be targeted directly into the colon. Thereby reducing the systemic side effects. Colon specific system might also allow oral administration of peptide and protein drugs which are normally inactivated in the upper portion of the GIT. Newly developed CDDS, which includes Pressure Control Colonic Delivery Capsules (PCDSC), CODESTM and osmotic controlled drug delivery as specific technology. This review mainly compares the primary approaches for CDDS namely; prodrugs, PH and time dependent system and microbially triggered system, which achieved limited success and accepting limitations. Colon targeting holds a great potential and still need more innovative work. This article highlights introduction to colon, factors influencing colon-specific drug delivery and colonic drug bioavailability and limitations associated with CDDS. Further, the review provides a systemic discussion of various conventional, as well as relatively newer formulations approaches / technologies currently being utilized for the development of CDDS.